Digital Transformation in Public Services:Literature Review of E-Government Implementation in Indonesia

Abstrak

Digital transformation has become a mainstream agenda in the reform of public services in Indonesia, marked by the widespread adoption of electronic government (e-government) across various levels of government. This study aims to map the development of research on the digital transformation of public services through a literature review approach on twenty previous studies published between 2023 and 2026. The method used is a library research with thematic analysis of the focus, objectives, and findings of each study. The results show that the existing literature can be grouped into six major themes: (1) e-government implementation at various levels of government; (2) the contribution of e-government to service efficiency and effectiveness; (3) the utilization of smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and smart cities; (4) the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) and its regulatory aspects; (5) the relationship between digital transformation and the principles of good governance, transparency, and accountability; and (6) innovation and digital bureaucratic transformation. This study concludes that although the literature on e-government in Indonesia is growing rapidly, research gaps remain in the evaluation of long-term impacts, human resource readiness, and the equitable distribution of digital infrastructure in non-urban areas